2022年江苏省南师大附中高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）（附答案详解）
下面是小编为大家整理的2022年江苏省南师大附中高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）（附答案详解）,供大家参考。
2022 年江苏省南师大附中高考英语模拟试卷（5 月份）
一、阅读理解（本大题共 15 小题，共 37.5 分）
A What is identity theft？ Identity theft occurs when someone steals your personal information to take over your credit accounts,open new ones,access bank accounts,or commit many other crimes in your name and at your expense.When it strikes,the effects can be disastrous.What"s more,because it frequently involves no physical theft,identity theft may not be noticed by its victims until significant damage has already been done-often several months and thousands of pounds later.It"s estimated that more than 100，000 people are affected by identity theft in the UK each year,costing the British economy over £1.3 billion annually.
How does it happen？
These are some of the ways crooks get hold of your personal information：
• Fake emails
You may receive an email seemingly from,say,your bank requesting that you follow a link and key information into a website that looks very similar to your bank"s own site but is in fact a fake.
• Pretext phone calls
A crook pretending to be an official from,for example,your bank may phone up asking you to give personal or account details as a security check.
• Dishonest people
Sometimes sales assistants,unknown（不知情的）to you,swipe your card through a machine which records its details.At the workplace,a fellow employee can use your personal details fraudulently.
How can you protect yourself？
Be careful who you give your personal details to,and tear up documents like credit-card slips before you throw them away.Don"t make this serious crime easy for crooks! 1. What do we know about identity theft according to the passage？ ______
A. It is a frequent physical theft. B. It is only committed by strangers.
第 2 页，共 22 页 C. It is easy to be noticed by victims. D. It is costly to individuals and society. 2. Identity theft may happen when ______ . A. you receive an email from your bank B. you give personal details to a fake website C. you are requested to pay in cash by sales assistants D. you tear bank documents before throwing them away 3. What is the text？ ______
A. A financial survey. B. A book review. C. A security report. D. A history paper. B The people who called into the help hotlines and domestic violence shelters said they felt as if they were going crazy.One woman said the code numbers of the digital lock at her front door changed every day and she could not figure out why.Still another said she kept hearing the doorbell ring,but no one was there.
Their stories are part of a new pattern of behavior in domestic abuse cases tied to the rise of smart home technology.Internet-connected locks,speakers,lights and cameras marketed as the newest conveniences are now also being used as a means for monitoring,revenge and control.
In more than 30 interviews with The New York Times,domestic abuse victims,their lawyers,shelter workers and emergency responders described how the technology was becoming an alarming new tool.Abusers-using apps on ther smartphones,which are connected to the Internet-enabled devices-would remotely control everyday objects in the home,sometimes to watch and listen,other times to scare or show power.Even after a partner had left the home,the devices often stayed and continued to be used to threaten and confuse.
For victims,the experiences were often by a lack of knowledge about how smart technology works,how much power the other person had over the devices,how to legally deal with the behavior and how to make it stop.
"People have started to ask what to do about this," said Erica Olsen,director of the Safety Net Project at the National Network to End Domestic Violence.When it came to discussing the misuse of emerging technologies,she said：
"we don"t want to introduce the idea to the world,but now that it"s become so common,the cat"s out of the bag."
Connected home devices have been increasing in domestic abuse cases over the past
year.Several lawyers said they were arguing about how to add language to the current restraining orders to cover smart home technology. 4. What is the problem with the Internet-enabled devices？ ______
A. They give rise to complaints in the help hotlines. B. They are being employed in domestic abuse. C. They are unaffordable as newest conveniences. D. They threaten the market of smart home technology. 5. The underlined word "aggravated" in Paragraph 4 means ______ . A. worsened B. broadened C. reflected D. guaranteed 6. According to Erica Olsen,the discussion of the misuse of emerging technologies is ______ . A. insignificant B. unavoidable C. controversial D. optional 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______
A. Officials have trouble drawing up laws to protect people"s privacy. B. Smart home technology has made people"s houses unsafe to live in. C. Connected home devices lead to the increase in domestic abuse. D. Laws need to be revised to restrict the use of smart home technology. C Autism is a lifelong disability that affects how people interact with others.While the exact cause of autism is unknown,its development in children has been linked to various factors-including zinc deficiency（锌缺乏）.
According to a paper published in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,the researchers demonstrated how zinc shapes synapses（突触）during their early development."Autism is associated with variants （变异）
of genes involved in the formation and maturation of synapses," said Sally Kim,lead author of the study from Stanford University School of Medicine.
The team found that when a brain signal was transferred via a synapse,zinc entered the target neuron（神经元），where it could combine two proteins,SHANK2 and SHANK3.Those proteins cause changes in the composition and function of the synapse.
The finding that zinc shapes the development of synapses via SHANK proteins suggests that a lack of zinc during early development could potentially contribute to autism by damaging the function of synapses,which enable brain cells to communicate with one another.
第 4 页，共 22 页 "Understanding the interaction between zinc and SHANK proteins could therefore lead to diagnostic,treatment and prevention strategies for autism," suggested John Huguenard,co-author of the study.
It"s important to note,however,that at present it isn"t possible to make any concrete conclusions or begin recommending that children take zinc supplements. "Currently there are no controlled studies of autism risk with zinc supplementation in pregnant women or babies,so the juryis still out,"Craig Garner,co-author of the study said.Taking too much zinc can reduce the amount of copper the body absorbs,weakening bones.Furthermore,zinc deficiency does not necessarily imply a dietary deficiency,and could be caused by problems with absorption in the gut."
"Nevertheless,our findings offer a new mechanism for understanding how zinc deficiency might contribute to autism,"Garner said. 8. What do we know about autism according to the passage？ ______
A. It is mainly caused by zinc deficiency. B. It is a common mental illness among children. C. It is associated with specific variants of genes. D. It can be cured with the latest advance in neuroscience. 9. How does zinc shape the development of synapses？ ______
A. By transferring brain signals. B. By combining SHANK proteins. C. By damaging the function of synapses. D. By enabling brain cells to communicate. 10. As for zinc supplementation in specific groups,Craig Garner thinks ______ . A. it is beyond doubt B. it is out of control C. it remains contradictory D. it remains uncertain 11. Which could be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Zinc Shapes the Development of Synapses. B. Autism Linked to Zinc Deficiency in Childhood. C. SHANK Proteins Contribute to Variants of Genes. D. Zinc Supplements Recommended for Autism Prevention. D Women were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war,the Gulf war,or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.They commit far fewer murders.They are less likely to favor strikes.For
some scholars,these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful.
But European history suggests otherwise,according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S.P.Harish.They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913，and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings.
This was not all the queens" fault：men,seeing them as soft targets,tended to attack them.Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared：
"No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything." Shortly after becoming king,he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria,Maria Theresa,and seized Silesia province.Despite years of war,she never recovered it.
But is not the whole story.Queens,the researchers found,were more likely to gain new territory.Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200，000 square miles.And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings,whether single or married.
The authors suggest several reasons for this.First,married queens may have been able to form more military alliances（联盟），making them confident enough to pick fights.Their husbands had often served in the army before they married,and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives" states.
Second,unlike most kings,queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy.During the 1740s,Maria Theresa"s husband,Francis I，reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe.Prince Albert was Queen Victoria"s most trusted adviser,shaping her foreign policy until his death in 1861.This division of labor,the authors suggest,freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies.
The modern era,too,has witnessed female leaders in wars：Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war,or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands.The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000，but there is plenty of room for improvement：the current level of 15 represents less than 10% of the total.A world in which more women took power might be more equal.Whether it woul...